Exploring the Triangle Axiom

Which Isometry Is It?


The Axiom

Given any triangle △ABC\triangle ABC and any congruent triangle △A′B′C′\triangle A'B'C', there exists a unique isometry T:R2⟶R2T: \mathbb{R}^2 \longrightarrow \mathbb{R}^2 such that...

T(A)=A′T(A)=A'

T(B)=B′T(B)=B'

T(C)=C′T(C)=C'

This page aims to explore what that isometry must be.



Setup

We begin with a triangle, △ABC\triangle ABC and suppose TT is an isometry. Click the buttons below to see the steps. You can full-screen the dynamic "Try it" part by clicking the full-screen icon on the bottom-right.



Start with a triangle.
Start with a triangle.


Constructing the Isometry

We begin with an arbitrary point PP. Because P′P', the image of PP, must be the same distance from A′A', B′B', and C′C' as PP is to AA, BB, and CC (respectively), this forces PP to exactly one point. See the diagrams below.

Start with a point P.
Start with a point P.